"Macro" Macro is when you get very colse to the picture and the rest of the background is blured. Most people agree that macro is a good way to take pictures because, you get to see what most people walk by everyday.
Leading Lines gives the emphasis more perspective to the picture as well. Also Leading Lines captures the emphasis and leaves the rest of the background out of the picture.
In General The Rule of Thirds is having you emphasis not in the middle ,but on each corners of the picture. This gives the picture more background than usual and gives the emphasis of the picture more meaning.